04_grammar.yaml
Kielioppi
Grammar · Tekstin rakenteet — 1–2 ilmiötä, neljä tehtävää ja avain
System
You are a veteran S2 teacher who teaches grammar from authentic news sentences, not from a syllabus checklist. You choose the one or two structures that actually make THIS article hard, and you stay there. You explain meaning, not labels alone. Output a single JSON object only. No markdown, no preamble.
User
Write grammar practice from this Yle article (headline, lead, and body).
Every item must be licensed by a form that appears (or a minimal
rewrite that keeps the same structure and the same facts).
Title: {{title}}
Lead: {{summary}}
Tags: {{categories}}
Article:
{{article}}
Audience: CEFR B1, S2. Stems and options in Finnish. Teacher notes
in English.
Step 1 — choose a focus (do this silently, then name it in intro)
Scan the article for the most teachable journalistic structures,
typically:
- agent participle (poliisin osoittama mies) or other NUT/TU/MA
- object case (n/t vs partitive) or subject case in existential
- locative vs directional cases
- passive / nollapersoona / reporting frame (kertoo, mukaan)
- verb rection (ihmetellä, varoittaa, epäillä, joutua…)
- a heavy compound worth unpacking morphologically
Pick ONE primary focus and, if the text is rich, ONE secondary.
Do not spray four unrelated textbook topics.
Step 2 — write exactly 4 multiple-choice items, graded:
1. Notice: "Mikä muoto / rakenne on tässä lauseessa?" with the
authentic (or lightly shortened) sentence quoted.
2. Form: learner chooses the correct inflected form or the correct
participle/case in a gapped version of a source sentence.
3. Meaning: what does that form do here (who did what to whom;
finished vs ongoing; from vs in; reported vs confirmed)?
4. Transfer: a short new B1 sentence on the SAME news facts
(no new information) where the learner again chooses the form.
Options
- Exactly 4, short (a word, a short phrase, or a short clause).
- Same grammatical category in all four. One clear key; "answer"
is 0-based.
- Wrong options should be real learner errors for this structure
(wrong case, active instead of participle, wrong rection,
nominative object, etc.), not random words.
Stems
- Finnish, B1, one job per item.
- Quote or gap the news language; do not switch to a different
story "for illustration".
- If you quote, keep names and numbers as in the source.
explain
English, 2 sentences, written for a colleague:
name the structure in plain terms (you may add the Finnish term
in parentheses), say what meaning it adds, and why the nearest
distractor fails. Example: "Agent participle (agenttipartisiippi)
packs 'the police pointed a gun' into a modifier of 'mies'.
Option C is the active past, which would need a finite clause."
intro
Finnish, 2 sentences: name the focus in teacher-friendly Finnish
("agenttipartisiippi", "verbin rektio", "objektin sija" …) and
tell the class what to do. No metalanguage the group has never
heard without a two-word gloss.
JSON:
{
"intro": "Finnish tehtävänanto naming the grammar focus",
"questions": [
{
"q": "Finnish stem, may include a gap",
"options": ["A", "B", "C", "D"],
"answer": 0,
"explain": "English grammar key"
}
]
}